Drilling machine



Dec. 9, 1924.

J. M. NELSON ET AL DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb. 2 3, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 9, 1924 J. M. NELSON ET AL DRILLNG' MACHINE Filed Feb. 23, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 DEC. 97

J. M. NELSON ET AL DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb. .25, 1923 3- sheets-sheet .s

lill

latented Der, 9? i924,

d'lATES @EMC JOSEIPHM. NELSQN, TODI) C. IfCCQBTZ, AND ILLAM DLLEY, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

DRILLtNG lVlACHNE.

Application led February 23, 1923.

To all' who/Hi 'it fnica/ concern:

'Be it known that we, osnPH M. Nansen, Tono tl. lllourrz, and Timmer llinmir, citi- Aens of the llnited States, residing' lat Denver, in the county of Denver and `State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Drilling; Machines, of which the following` is a specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings. l

rlhis invention relates to drilling ma chines such as rock drilling' machines and the lilre and particularly to 'a drilling` machine wherein the drill is reciprocated by a power operated cam or equivalent element.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a drill of this character which is adapted to be operated eitherl by hand or by a motor, such as an electric motor.

A further object is to provide means whereby the speed of rotation of said cam shall control the stroke of the drill.

it still further object is to provide simple but very effective means whereby the hammer which is contained within the casing of the drill may be projected with force against the anvil which operates against the drill or is connected thereto, and in connection therewith improved means whereby the chuck within which the drill is mounted may be rotated during` the operation of the drill.

`tftill :i further object to provide levers for reciprocating` the hammer; and a power operated cam of peculiar form which reciprocate-i these levers to cause the reciprocation of the hammer.

finother object is to provide means wherev by the casing` containing' the drill and the semi iw. 621.115.

Our invention is illustrated in the accompartying` drawings, wherein z# Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rock drill constructed in accordance with our invention, showingthe base upon which the drill is mounted and part of the drill column;

VFigure Q is a section on the line QMZ of Figure 1 Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure l is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical section of the rear end of the drill casino, showing; the means for feeding` the drill;

Figure is an enlarged fragmentary section showing` the stellato wheel as it acts to move the hammer forward;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary longitudinal section showing` the means for rotating: the drill chuck;

Figure 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary elevation of the drill.

Referring' to these drawingsg 1() y. nates the casing of the drill. This casing' is relatively narrow but rearward of its forward end is downwardly enlarged'. rThe unper portion of the forward end of thc casina' is cylindrical in form to contain the drill chuck for the drill 11. This drill chuclr is composed two tubular sections 12 and 13, tho section 12 beinpj' rectangular in cross section and having' a cylindrical extension 11]: which is screw-threaded upon its inner and outer faces at 15. The section 1B is cylindrical in cross section and is disposed within the cylindrical bore of `he section 12 so as to rotate therein. This section 13 is formed at spaced points with circumferentially extending grooves 16. The rear end of this section has an exteriorly screwthreaded hub 1T.

Passing` through the section 12 are holt luiles for the passage of bolts 18 which en,- `Page in the circumferential groove 16 and which hold the section 13 within the section 12 but permit the rotation of the section 13. The section 13 is formed. with a manl sided bore or socket19 within which the crill 11 desicis disposed. This drill ll has a many-sided shank fitting' this many-sided bore or socket, and preferably the drill from the point rearward is made of flanged steel twisted .into the shape of an auger whereby to carry the dust out of the drill hole as I4the drill is rotated.

lt will he seen that a rotation of t-he .seetion 18 will act to rotate the drill. while at the same time the drill is free to move longim tudinally within the section oit the ehueir. The sec-tion 12 of the chuck forms a carrier 'for the section 13 which prevents any longitudinal movement ot the section but permits rotative movement thereof. .ln exteriorly threaded, dust protecting` nut 0 which has a circular here is engaged with the interior screw-threads of the screw-threaded extension 14 of the section l2, and a locking; uut 2l which is interiorly screw-threaded is engaged with the outer threads of the extension 14. Mounted upon the screw-threaded huh l? is a ratcTet wheel 22 whose manner ot operation will he later described. This ratchet wheel has a central here, and operating` within the cylindrical wall 23 which forms part ot' the casini); 17 is an anvil Sie having` a shank 25 which passes loosely through the opening in the ratchet wheel and bears against the rear end ot the shank ll.

Disposed in axial alignment with the axis oit the anvil 24 and ol.' the drill ll and operating in a suitable barrel 26 is the hainmer 27 which is in the form ot a longitudinally extended hair, and disposed within the rear end of' the barrel 26 is a` coiled compression spring` 28 which forms a cushion or bumper against which the hammer impinges 'upon its rearward movement. rrlqhe head of the anvil 2li also hears against a coiled compression springV 299 in turn hearing' against a shoulder 5l() ot the harrel wilhinwhif'h the anvil operates,

ngi' tl'iroiigi'h the sides ot the casi l() and mounted in suitable hearings their! in is a shaft 31. and mounted upon this sha'li't i'or rotation therewith and disposed aikiiproxiniately in the same plane as the hammer 27 is a star lam wheel 32. shown as a wheel having six equi-disposed aneula-r teeth rounded at their extremities. Pivotallv mounted forward of this start wheel and within the easing is a. rocker arm 31% which is mounted upon a pivot pin this roeler arm having` a projection 35 which. extends through a slit in the wall ot the barrel 26 and extends into a recess 3G in the ha1nmer.4 rlhe lower extremity of the rocker arm is provided witha downwardly extendingl arm or tooth 37 which extends into a. longitudinally reciprocating counter balance 38. The rear tace ot this rocker arm is out away at 39 and the teeth of points of the Star Wheel cam 32 move through lloaiwrard ol' rho rain 2"2 is disposed a lei-oid arm is :torn'ud with :i dowuwardlg' ifi-oie i ingr tooth or lue lil which ei es iu 'i confronting' liu-o ol' he couiuerlnilance F38. "this rorher aria 1li is loose upon a shaiiV l-: equivalent to the iiirol in or shaft The shalt fil upon whiih the eaui ill! is n'iounted carries a go wheel lo willi whirh an .idler ,e'ear wheel en !.i'as this idler gear wheel in turn uieshiugl with a rola* tively lai-re gear wheel 4S mounted upa-.i the shalt and ada'sled lo he driven hy -the rotation 'liereol". rlhis shalt l5 is adapted to he driven hy a crank or hy a motor, and it will he seen that itsA rotation iu a clockwise direction will rive a wlorhwiso rotation to the shalt ill and the star wheel El ils the star wheel rotates. one oi' its teeth will en i iinet the rearwardly projectingv if flo oll the rorlier aria ahove the recess 39 and will force the adju cent end ot this roeliter ree,.fs lit in the ariu Ipi, liorward. while they opposite end .".T will he loiced rearward. Thus the hanuuor will he projected Jforward and stril-ie against the anvil le/l, thus driving: the drill tor Yard. lit the same time that one point or tooth o'f the star wheel l2 is engaging against thil ahunient 35:1 to oseillate the roche;- "Il in one direction. the diagonally opposite tooth ol' the star wheel is engaginggz with the lower face oit the rot-lier l0 so that the toolh ll is i'ioreed forward at the saine linie that the tooth 35 is 'forced `l"orward.v while the leeth SET and l-Pl are 'torred rearward,

r.Thus while the hanuuor il? is lwiuir ino jeoted 'oi'warih the rounlorhalaiu'o Clw is lio-- ing projected rearward. 'lhis oouuterhal ance ll is mounted in a suil'ahle harrel lll which is open aloner that side roulfroutiun the rocher arios and the star wheel. aud iu the ends olf this hai-rel are disposed the eoiu pression springs 5() against which the Counter wheel 38 iinpiuggjos. rFliese Cushioningj springs :30 will cause the counter-halaure to spring' haelt to its longitudinal position as the full strolre has heen made which will carry the hauuner hack to its original position and. in fact. heyoi'ul this position where the hammer will strike the oushioiiiunV sigiring 28 and airain more 'toi-ward to its original position.

its the hanuner is driven 'forward il` strikes the anvil 24. the shank or which strikes the drill and drives the drill ilorward. and upon a reverse motion of the rocher arm 3% the ehuclt ou which the lo U lll)

drill is mourned is Ljiien a slight rotation. This is accom .l as follows: .its illustrates in Figure il, the ratchet wheel has its teeth engaged by a longitudinally reciprocatablo pavfl 5l whose extremity formed with a tooth or is hooked so as to engage with the ratchet teeth ot the wheel 22. The extremity oit this reciprccatable pawl 5l (see ltig. 7) is engaged by a bell crank lever 52 pivotally supported at 53 withiiii the casingv and whose long arm is connected by a link 54' to the rocker m at 'JU point to one side o't its pivot and preterabl y between its pivot 94 and the hammer 27. 'lheretoret as the toothed end 35 of the roel-:er 3S moves forward, the pawl 5l will be given a movement upward in Figure so that it will slide over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 22. Upon a reverse movement oi the rocker 33-, however, the pawl will be pulled downward in Figure 4f and its teeth engaging the ratchet wheel will cause the ratchet wheel to turn a distance ol: one tooth, thus turning the chuck 13 and, olf course, turning' the drill through a small traction of acircle.

In order to prevent a backward movement of4 the ratchet wheel, the chuck and the drill, we provide a dog which is pivoted at 56 upon a bracket 57 and which rides against the teeth of the ratchet wheel and which is held in engagement with these teeth by means of a spring 58 illustrated as connected with the pawl 51. This spring' 58, therefore, holds the pawl 51 in position against the ratchet teeth but permits the pawl 5l to ride over the ratchet teeth in its reverse movement and at the same time holds the pawl 52 to the ratchet teeth, preventing` a reverse movement of the ratchet wheel but riding over the teeth upon a for- 'ard movement of the ratchet wheel. This bracket 57 of course, attached to the casingr wall.

For the purpose ot Vfeedingthe casing; l() toward the breast of the work, we provide a feeding` dog,r 59 which projects through a slot 60 in the casing' and which is engageable with a ratchet bar 6l mounted as will be hereafter stated. rFhis pawl 59 is pivoted to a recipl'ocatingi eccentric rod 62, which at its upper end has a sleeve 63 which, of course, tits the eccentric 6e, this eccentric being` preferably mounted upon the shaft The pawl 59 is pivoted to the eccentric rod 62 by a pivot pin 65 and the pawl extends beyond this pivot pin or has a rearward extension or tail which coacts with a stop lug); 66 on the eccentric rodL An arcuate spring 67 which is attached to the wall of the casing' has its tree curved end bearing; against the edge face of the tail 68 of p'awl 59 and forces this pawl normally against this stud 66. It will be seen that with this tudinally step by step toward the work. A

holding` dog' 69 is mounted upon a pin 79 'on a bracket 7l attached to the inside of the casing' lt), the dog` project-ing through a slot in the casing and engaging` the teeth. 6l so as to hold the casing' in its advanced position each time it is ted 'forward by the feeding;` dog 59.

This dog 69 is urged against the toothed bar by a spring' 7 2 and both dogs 59 and 69 may be simultaneously raised out oi engagement with the toothed bar to permit the machine to move back by a lever 73 having; a longitudinal bar 74 attached thereto provided with studs 7 which bear against the forward edges of the dogs :39 and 69, this lever having` an operating;` handle on the ex.- terior of the case whereby it may be shifted to raise both dogs from the rack bar or permit both dogs to be shifted into engagement with the rack bar by the springs 67 and 72 respectively.

The rack bar 6l is disposed against the upper face of a recessed base plate 76, as illustrated in Figure 2, which is attached to a conical base 77, which is in turn held to the arm otl a drilling column 7 8 by means of clamps 79 mounted on bolts 8O extending into the column. The inner face of the base plate 76 is recessed at 8l and bridging` this recess is a plate 82 which forms part of the casino' and projects beyond the casing and is held in place in sliding engagement with the base plate 18 by means of the overhanging guide strips 83 which engage over the projecting` portions of the plate 82 and are held in place by screws 84.

Asj before stated, the revolutitm oi the eccentric 6areciprocates the dogg' 59, and when this dog 59 engages with the teeth on bar 6l the whole m chine' will move torward toward the breast ot the work far enough to permit the holding; dogv 69 to engage one cop` forward from its former position. In case, however, that the drill bit is not 'cuttingr as tast as this feeding mechanism is capable of moving the machine torward so that the dog 69 will not advance a notch at each stroke of the dop: the hinged joint formed by pivoting the dog` :39 upon the eccentric rod 62 will compensate for this difference until the dop; 69 can catch the next forward notch. The spring 67 bearing; against the tail of the dog 59 prevents this spring,- joint from operating too freely.

This drillmay be operated either by hand or by a motor as, for instance, an electric motor. While no electric motor' is illus- Cil kll)

trated, it. is obvious that this might be accomplished by connecting the electric motor to the shaft f3.1. through worm gears or any other suitable gears. ln case the drill is driven either by hand or electric power, the driving would be geared in such a ratio as would deliver from. 400 to 5U() vblows per minute against the drillingbit.

As illustrated, the drive is geared in the ratio ol" lf3 to l, that is the hammer strikes .'13 blows to each con'iplete revolution of the crank handle. Tl'ie actual `gear ratio, however, is not quite so great because as the hami'ner strikes once for each point of the star rain as the star cam revolves there are six blows ol" the hammer to each revolution oit the star cam.

Because or the fact that the weight of the hammer blow is dependent upon its velocity, it is possible to strike a heavier or a lighter blow by increasing or decreasing the R. P. M. of the shaft 3l. To strike a normal blow the shaft 3l should make approxi,- mately 4;() R. l). M. This can be changed, however, by changing the ratio ot gears 4G, 47 and 48.

Vhile we have illustrated a six-pointed cam, a three-pointed cam may also be used, and it is obvious that this cam might loe modified in some respects without departing from the spirit of the invention. We do not wish to be limited to any power operated means tor driving the cam, nor to the details of construction, as these may be changed in many ways without departing from the spirit of the invention as dened in the appended claims.

`We claim l. In a rock drill, a reciprocatalole drill proper, al reciprocatalole hammer separate from but adapted to impinge upon the drill. a stellate power driven cam, and a pair oli levers between which the cam is located, both oi said levers having operative' engagement with the hammer and both engaging with and being oscilla-ted by said cam.

2. In a rock drill, a reciprocatahle drill proper, a reciprocatable hammer coacting` therewith, a reciprocatable counterloalance, a lever pivoted intermediate its ends and operatively connected one end with the hammer and at its other end with the counterbalance, and power operated means for oscillating said lever.

3. In a rock drill, a reciprocatable drill proper, a reciprocatable hammer coacting therewith, a reciprocatable counterbalance. a lever pivoted intermediate its ends and operatively connected at one. end with the hammer and at its other end with the counterbalanoe and power operated meansfor oscillating said lever, and including a power operated stellate. cam operatively engaging the lever to oscillate it.

4.-. ln a rock drill, a reciproratalile drill proper, a reciprocatable hammer coacting thereivith, a reciprocatable counterbalance disposed parallel to the hammer. springs acting to cushion the stroke of the counterlialance, a pair ot levers each pivolcd inter mediate its ends and each operatively eii gaged at one end with a hammer and at its other end with a counterhalance. and power operated means tor coiiicidentlv oscillating said levers.

ln a rocl drill, a reciprocatahle drill proper, a ii'eeiproetal'ile hammer coacting therewith a recii'nocatahle counterbalance disposed ijiarallel to the lainiiier, springs acting to cushion the stroke o't' the counterbalance, a pair of levers each pivoted intermediate its ends and each operatively engaged at one end with a hammer and at its other end with a counterhalauce, and power operated means tor coineidently oscillatingr said levers including` a stellate cam, the levers haviiig protuherant and re-entrant portions with which the points oli the cam engage.

6. In a rock drill, a reciprocatable drill proper, a reciprocatable hammer coactini.;l therewith, a reciprocatable counterhalance disposed parallel to the hammer, springs acting to cushion the stroke of' the counterbalance, a pair of levers each pivoted interi mediate its ends and each operatively engaged at one end with a hammer and at its other end with a counterbalance, power operated means for coineidently oscillating said levers including` a stellato cam, the levers having protuberant and re-cntrant portions with which the points of the cam engage, and means operated by one ot said levers causing a step by step rotation ot the drill in one direction.

7. In a rock drill, a casing, a drill mounted for rotation and reciprocation within the casing, a rotatable chuck mounted within the easing and within which the drill is reciprocatahlv disposed, a reciprocatable anvil mounted within the casing and normally bearing against the drill, a recilnocatable hammer disposed rearward of the anvil. cushioning means cushioning the rearward movement of the anvil and the rearward movement of the hammer, a reciprocatable counterbalance disposed within the casing parallel to the hammer, cushioning means adapted to bear against the opposite ends of the counterloalance at the ends of the stroke of the counterbalance, levers pivoted to the casing intermediate their ends and each. of said levers at one end having engagement with the hammer and at its other end having engagement with the counterbalance. a power operated stellato cam disposed between the levers, the levers having pretuberant and re-entrant portions with which lll) il (l Cil the points of the cam are adapted to engage to thereby coinoidently oscillate the levers and reciprocate the hammer andcounter-r balance, 'and means operated by one ot said levers for 0'iving a step by step rotary movement in one direction to the drill chuck.

8. lin a drill, a casing, drill chuck mounted within the casing y:or rotation, a drill having a shank longitudinally reciprocatible within the chuck 'tor' rotation with the glniclr, an :mvil having a head disposed heiii the chuelr and the shank extending-i' lirough the clinch and impacting against the siianl; ot the drill, a hammer reciprofV-acuoly mounted witl'iin the casing` behind the. head ol the anvil, means for cushionin the rearward movement of the anvil and tue rearward movement of the hammer, a eoun- Y silence reciprocatably mounted within :i ing, resilient neans disposed within the casing at opposite ends oli" the path ot movement et the count'erbaianceq a pair ot lo pivoted intermediate their ends, each lever at one end havingr rocking engagement with the hammer and at its other end having rocking engaggement with the counterbalance id power operated means disposed he tween the levers for coincidently oscillating the levers.

9. ln a drill, a casing, a drill chuck mounted within the casing t'or rotation, a drill having a shank longitudinally reciprocatable within the chuck for rotation with the chuck, an anvil having a head disposed behind the chuck and the shanlr extending through the chucl; and impacting against the shank oli the drill, a hannner reciprocatably mounted within the casing behind the head of the anvil., means tor cushioning the rearward movement olf the anvil and the rearward moi.Y nent et the hammer, a counterbalance reciproealably mounted within the casing, resilient means disposed within the casing at opposite ends ol the path of movement oi the eounterbalance, a pair ol levers pivoted intermediate their ends, each lever at one end having rocking engagement with the hammer and at its other end hai/imgv rocking engagement with the counterbaiance, power operated means disposed between the levers lor coincidently oscillating the levers and including a stellate cam, the levers having con fronting protuberunt and re-entrant portions with which the points ot said cam enl0. ln a drill, a casing, a drill proper', power operated means for reciprocating the drill including a power operated rotatable shalt, an exterior support upon which the casing is mounted for longitudinal movement and having teeth, an eccentric mounted on said shaft within the casing, an eccentric rod coacting therewith, a dog pivoted to the rod and projecting out through said casing and engaging said teeth, a stop preventing the dog troni to the rol one direction but peiiiuitting the movement of the dog into angular relation to the rod in the other direction, and a spring resisting the last named angular movement et the rod.

il. ln a drill, a casing, a drill proper, power operated means tor reciprocating the drill including power operated rotatable shatt, an ex Yrior support upon which the casing mounted for longitudinal movement and having teeth, an eccentric mounted on said shaft within the casing, an eccentric rod coacting therewith, a dog pivoted to the rod and projecting out through said casing and engaging said teeth, a stop preif'enting the dog from moving into angular' relation to the rod in one direction but permitting the movement oi" the dog into angula relation to the rod in the other direction, a spring resisting the last named angular movement of the rod, a spring actuated dog projecting through the casing and engaging said teeth and holding the casing trom reverse movement, and manually operating means for simultaneously lifting both dogs.

l2. ln a drill ol the character described, a casing, a drill proper mounted within the casing, power operated means mounted within the casing for reciprocating` the drill including a transverse power operated shaft, means tor supporting the casing ior longitudinal movement including a ratchet toothed rack, an eccentric mounted on the shalt, an eccentric rod coacting therewith and extending rearward and through the casing, a dog pivoted intermediate its ends upon the rod and engaging the teeth ot said rech, a stop carried on the rod and limiting the movement of the dog to a position at an obtuse angle to the rod but permitting the dog to oscillate to ca'i'ry the tail ot the dog rearward and away trom the said stop, and a springv normally holding` the dog in engagement with the stop.

i3. drill of the character described comprising` a casing, a rotatable chuck mounted within the casing, a reeiprocatable drill proper mounted within the chuck and rotatable therewith, an anvil having a shank extending into the chuck and bearing against the drill, a reciprocatable hammer disposed behind said anvil, a pair oi levers pivoted intermediate their ends, each lever having one end operatively engaging the hammer9 a longitudinally externlingv counterweight parallel to the hammer with which the opposite end of eac-h lever engages, cushioning springs receiving the impact el the hammer at opposite ends ot' its stroke, means 'for oscillating said levers comprising a shalt extending transversely oit' the casing and between the levers, a stellato wheel mounted upon the shalt tor rotation therewith, the levers havmoi/'ing into angular relation by power may be applied to l'lie train of 10 wheels, power operated meane` 'for rotatingT the drill. chuck, and means for feeding the casing longitudinally toward the work.

1n testimony whereof we hereunto alix our signatures.

JOSEPH M. NELSON. TODD O. MORITZ. WILLIA M DILLE l' 

